A bilevel programming approach to simultaneously estimate O-D matrix and calibrate link travel time functions from observed link flows

Abstract

This paper first proposes a bilevel programming model to simultaneously estimate O-D matrix and calibrate parameters in link travel time functions from observed link flows under the deterministic user equilibrium condition. It then transforms the non-differentiable bilevel programming model into a continuously differentiable nonlinear programming model by constructing a gap function. Accordingly, the augmented Lagrangian method can be employed to identify the solution of the problem.