Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030574
Title: Graphene-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation Is Mediated by the Integrin/FAK Axis
Authors: Xie, Han
Cao, Tong 
Franco-Obregon, Alfredo 
Rosa, Vinicius 
Keywords: Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Physical Sciences
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chemistry
Tissue engineering
Differentiation
Focal adhesion kinase
Bone
Osteoblast
Mechanical
EXPRESSION
INDUCTION
ADHESION
KINASE
GROWTH
CELLS
SMAD
Issue Date: 1-Feb-2019
Publisher: MDPI
Citation: Xie, Han, Cao, Tong, Franco-Obregon, Alfredo, Rosa, Vinicius (2019-02-01). Graphene-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation Is Mediated by the Integrin/FAK Axis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 20 (3). ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030574
Abstract: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Graphene is capable of promoting osteogenesis without chemical induction. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism(s) remain largely unknown. The objectives here were: (i) to assess whether graphene scaffolds are capable of supporting osteogenesis in vivo and; (ii) to ascertain the participation of the integrin/FAK mechanotransduction axis during the osteogenic differentiation induced by graphene. MSC-impregnated graphene scaffolds (n = 6) were implanted into immunocompromised mice (28 days). Alternatively, MSCs were seeded onto PDMS substrates (modulus of elasticity = 130, 830 and 1300 kPa) coated with a single monomolecular layer of graphene and cultured in basal medium (10 days). The ensuing expressions of FAK-p397, integrin, ROCK1, F-actin, Smad p1/5, RUNX2, OCN and OPN were evaluated by Western blot (n = 3). As controls, MSCs were plated onto uncoated PDMS in the presence of mechanotransduction inhibitors (echistatin, Y27632 and DMH1). MSC-impregnated graphene scaffolds exhibited positive immunoexpression of bone-related markers (RUNX2 and OPN) without the assistance of osteogenic inducers. In vitro, regardless of the stiffness of the underlying PDMS substrate, MSCs seeded onto graphene-coated PDMS substrates demonstrated higher expressions of all tested osteogenic and integrin/FAK proteins tested compared to MSCs seeded onto PDMS alone. Hence, graphene promotes osteogenesis via the activation of the mechanosensitive integrin/FAK axis.
Source Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
URI: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/171316
ISSN: 14220067
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030574
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