Dynamic modeling and control of extracellular ATP concentration on vascular endothelial cells via shear stress modulation

Abstract

A new dynamic model for cell-deformation-induced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release from vascular endothelial cells (VECs) is proposed in this paper to quantify the relationship between the ATP concentration at the surface of VECs and blood flow-induced shear stress. The simulation results demonstrate that ATP concentration at the surface of VECs predicted by the proposed new dynamic model is more consistent with the experimental observations than those by the existing static and dynamic models. Furthermore, it is the first time that a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback controller is applied to modulate extracellular ATP concentration. Three types of desired ATP concentration profiles including constant, square wave and sinusoid are obtained by regulating the wall shear stress under this PID control. The systematic methodology utilized in this paper to model and control ATP release from VECs via adjusting external stimulus opens up a new scenario where quantitative investigations into the underlying mechanisms for many biochemical phenomena can be carried out for the sake of controlling specific cellular events. © 2010 South China University of Technology, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.