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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040783
Title: | Chronic manganese toxicity associated with voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies in a relapsing neuropsychiatric disorder | Authors: | Ho, C.S.H Ho, R.C.M Quek, A.M.L |
Keywords: | azathioprine entecavir immunoglobulin manganese methylprednisolone olanzapine rivastigmine valproic acid voltage gated potassium channel antibody voltage gated potassium channel antibody encephalitis heavy metal manganese near infrared poisoning potassium toxicity adult Article brain disease case report chronic hepatitis B clinical article clinical examination cognitive defect confusion dementia diaphoresis disease association drug substitution drug withdrawal dysphagia dystonic disorder echography electroencephalogram functional near-infrared spectroscopy gallbladder disease heavy metal blood level heavy metal poisoning human hyperbilirubinemia immunoassay liver dysfunction magnesium urine level male mental disease muscle hypertonia occupational exposure paraneoplastic neuropathy recurrent disease stupor urinalysis cognitive defect immunology intoxication middle aged psychosis Antibodies Cognitive Dysfunction Humans Limbic Encephalitis Male Manganese Poisoning Middle Aged Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated Psychotic Disorders |
Issue Date: | 2018 | Citation: | Ho, C.S.H, Ho, R.C.M, Quek, A.M.L (2018). Chronic manganese toxicity associated with voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies in a relapsing neuropsychiatric disorder. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15 (4) : 783. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040783 | Abstract: | Heavy metal poisoning is a rare but important cause of encephalopathy. Manganese (Mn) toxicity is especially rare in the modern world, and clinicians’ lack of recognition of its neuropsychiatric manifestations can lead to misdiagnosis and mismanagement. We describe the case of a man who presented with recurrent episodes of confusion, psychosis, dystonic limb movement and cognitive impairment and was initially diagnosed with anti-voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex limbic encephalitis in view of previous positive autoantibodies. His failure to respond to immunotherapy prompted testing for heavy metal poisoning, which was positive for Mn. This is the first report to examine an association between Mn and VGKC antibodies and the effects of Mn on functional brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. | Source Title: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | URI: | https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/176207 | ISSN: | 1661-7827 | DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph15040783 |
Appears in Collections: | Elements Staff Publications |
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