Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097097
Title: Little evidence of subclinical avian influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia
Authors: Gray G.C. 
Krueger W.S.
Chum C.
Putnam S.D.
Wierzba T.F.
Heil G.L.
Anderson B.D.
Yasuda C.Y.
Williams M.
Kasper M.R.
Saphonn V.
Blair P.J.
Keywords: virus antibody
antibody titer
article
asymptomatic infection
avian influenza
avian influenza virus
blood sampling
Cambodia
cohort analysis
evidence based medicine
flu like syndrome
follow up
geographic distribution
hemagglutination inhibition test
human
influenza A
influenza A (H10N4)
influenza A (H12N5)
influenza A (H4N6)
influenza A (H5N1)
influenza A (H5N2)
influenza A (H6N1)
influenza A (H7N7)
influenza A (H8N4)
influenza A (H9N2)
Influenza virus A H5N1
major clinical study
molecular biology
nonhuman
patient monitoring
real time polymerase chain reaction
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
rural population
serology
virus detection
virus identification
virus neutralization
virus transmission
adult
Influenza virus A H9N2
Influenza, Human
physiology
rural population
statistics and numerical data
Adult
Cambodia
Cohort Studies
Humans
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype
Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype
Influenza, Human
Rural Population
Issue Date: 2014
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Citation: Gray G.C., Krueger W.S., Chum C., Putnam S.D., Wierzba T.F., Heil G.L., Anderson B.D., Yasuda C.Y., Williams M., Kasper M.R., Saphonn V., Blair P.J. (2014). Little evidence of subclinical avian influenza virus infections among rural villagers in Cambodia. PLoS ONE 9 (5) : e97097. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097097
Abstract: In 2008, 800 adults living within rural Kampong Cham Province, Cambodia were enrolled in a prospective cohort study of zoonotic influenza transmission. After enrollment, participants were contacted weekly for 24 months to identify acute influenza-like illnesses (ILI). Follow-up sera were collected at 12 and 24 months. A transmission substudy was also conducted among the family contacts of cohort members reporting ILI who were influenza A positive. Samples were assessed using serological or molecular techniques looking for evidence of infection with human and avian influenza viruses. Over 24 months, 438 ILI investigations among 284 cohort members were conducted. One cohort member was hospitalized with a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus infection and withdrew from the study. Ninety-seven ILI cases (22.1%) were identified as influenza A virus infections by real-time RT-PCR; none yielded evidence for AIV. During the 2 years of follow-up, 21 participants (3.0%) had detectable antibody titers (?1:10) against the studied AIVs: 1 against an avian-like A/Migratory duck/Hong Kong/MPS180/2003(H4N6), 3 against an avian-like A/Teal/Hong Kong/w312/97(H6N1), 9 (3 of which had detectible antibody titers at both 12- and 24-month follow-up) against an avian-like A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2), 6 (1 detected at both 12- and 24-month follow-up) against an avian-like A/Duck/Memphis/546/74(H11N9), and 2 against an avian-like A/Duck/Alberta/60/76(H12N5). With the exception of the one hospitalized cohort member with H5N1 infection, no other symptomatic avian influenza infections were detected among the cohort. Serological evidence for subclinical infections was sparse with only one subject showing a 4-fold rise in microneutralization titer over time against AvH12N5. In summary, despite conducting this closely monitored cohort study in a region enzootic for H5N1 HPAI, we were unable to detect subclinical avian influenza infections, suggesting either that these infections are rare or that our assays are insensitive at detecting them.
Source Title: PLoS ONE
URI: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/165951
ISSN: 19326203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097097
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