Experiences of patients and their caregivers in a Virtual Ward in Singapore: A descriptive qualitative study

Abstract

Background: The experiences of COVID-19 patients admitted to Virtual Wards and their caregivers are underexplored in Asian communities. A COVID-19 Virtual Ward (CVW) was recently established in Singapore. Aim: This study aims to describe the experiences of high-risk COVID-19 patients admitted to a Virtual Ward and their caregivers in a multi-racial Asian community. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted from November 2021 to March 22 among high-risk COVID-19 patients and their caregivers who had been admitted to a CVW. The CVW involved teleconsultation whereby patients submitted their vital signs via a chatbot on their mobile phone and were supported remotely by a team of allied health professionals. In-depth interviews were conducted with patients and their caregivers and analyzed thematically. Findings The findings were supported by three themes. First, CVW admissions were perceived to be safe and effective. The second emerging theme related to the benefits and burdens of receiving care at home. The benefits of CVW were perceived comfort and familiarity with the home environment, while burdens included ensuring discipline in submitting health data and self-isolating from other household members. Last, the role of external factors such as informal support, paid domestic workers, and work arrangements was highlighted by the participants. Overall, key enablers for a successful CVW experience were the availability of social support, timely care from the care team, and 24/7 access to the team. Conclusion: In conclusion, CVW was perceived as a safe and effective strategy to manage high-risk patients at home. We recommend that Virtual Wards should be further developed to expand bed capacity in both pandemic and non-pandemic settings.