Ionic Liquid-Assisted Fabrication of Bioactive Heterogeneous Magnetic Nanocatalyst with Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities for the Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives

Abstract

Antibacterial materials have obtained much attention in recent years due to the presence of hazardous agents causing oxidative stress and observation of pathogens. However, materials with antioxidant and antibacterial activities can cause toxicity due to their low biocompatibility and safety profile, urging scientists to follow new ways in the synthesis of such materials. Ionic liquids have been employed as a green and environmentally solvent for the fabrication of electrically conductive polymers. In the present study, an antibacterial poly(p-phenylenediamine)@Fe3 O4 (PpPDA@Fe3 O4) nanocomposite was fabricated using [HPy][HSO4 ] ionic liquid. The chemical preparation of PpPDA@Fe3 O4 nanocomposite was initiated through the oxidative polymerization of p-phenylenediamine by ammonium persulfate in the presence of [HPy][HSO4 ]. The PpPDA@Fe3 O4 nanocomposite exhibited antibacterial properties against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Grampositive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. The PpPDA@Fe3 O4 nanocomposite was employed as a heterogeneous nanocatalysis for one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives using aromatic aldehyde, dimedone, benzyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate. Polyhydroquinoline derivatives were synthesized in significant yields (90–97%) without a difficult work-up procedure in short reaction times. Additionally, PpPDA@Fe3 O4 nanocatalyst was recycled for at least five consecutive catalytic runs with a minor decrease in the catalytic activity. In this case, 11 derivatives of polyhydroquinoline showed in vitro antioxidant activity between 70–98%.