Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14885
Title: Physiological extremes of the human blood metabolome: A metabolomics analysis of highly glycolytic, oxidative, and anabolic athletes
Authors: Schranner, Daniela
Schönfelder, Martin
Römisch-Margl, Werner
Scherr, Johannes
Schlegel, Juergen
Zelger, Otto
Riermeier, Annett
Kaps, Stephanie
Prehn, Cornelia
Adamski, Jerzy 
Söhnlein, Quirin
Stöcker, Fabian
Kreuzpointner, Florian
Halle, Martin
Kastenmüller, Gabi
Wackerhage, Henning
Keywords: athlete
energy metabolism
exercise biomarker
exercise phenotype
Issue Date: 1-Jun-2021
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Citation: Schranner, Daniela, Schönfelder, Martin, Römisch-Margl, Werner, Scherr, Johannes, Schlegel, Juergen, Zelger, Otto, Riermeier, Annett, Kaps, Stephanie, Prehn, Cornelia, Adamski, Jerzy, Söhnlein, Quirin, Stöcker, Fabian, Kreuzpointner, Florian, Halle, Martin, Kastenmüller, Gabi, Wackerhage, Henning (2021-06-01). Physiological extremes of the human blood metabolome: A metabolomics analysis of highly glycolytic, oxidative, and anabolic athletes. Physiological Reports 9 (12) : e14885. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14885
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
Abstract: Human metabolism is highly variable. At one end of the spectrum, defects of enzymes, transporters, and metabolic regulation result in metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus or inborn errors of metabolism. At the other end of the spectrum, favorable genetics and years of training combine to result in physiologically extreme forms of metabolism in athletes. Here, we investigated how the highly glycolytic metabolism of sprinters, highly oxidative metabolism of endurance athletes, and highly anabolic metabolism of natural bodybuilders affect their serum metabolome at rest and after a bout of exercise to exhaustion. We used targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to measure the serum concentrations of 151 metabolites and 43 metabolite ratios or sums in 15 competitive male athletes (6 endurance athletes, 5 sprinters, and 4 natural bodybuilders) and 4 untrained control subjects at fasted rest and 5 minutes after a maximum graded bicycle test to exhaustion. The analysis of all 194 metabolite concentrations, ratios and sums revealed that natural bodybuilders and endurance athletes had overall different metabolite profiles, whereas sprinters and untrained controls were more similar. Specifically, natural bodybuilders had 1.5 to 1.8-fold higher concentrations of specific phosphatidylcholines and lower levels of branched chain amino acids than all other subjects. Endurance athletes had 1.4-fold higher levels of a metabolite ratio showing the activity of carnitine-palmitoyl-transferase I and 1.4-fold lower levels of various alkyl-acyl-phosphatidylcholines. When we compared the effect of exercise between groups, endurance athletes showed 1.3-fold higher increases of hexose and of tetradecenoylcarnitine (C14:1). In summary, physiologically extreme metabolic capacities of endurance athletes and natural bodybuilders are associated with unique blood metabolite concentrations, ratios, and sums at rest and after exercise. Our results suggest that long-term specific training, along with genetics and other athlete-specific factors systematically change metabolite concentrations at rest and after exercise. © 2021 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society
Source Title: Physiological Reports
URI: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/232070
ISSN: 2051-817X
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14885
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
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