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https://doi.org/10.3390/v10050268
Title: | Paradoxical effect of chloroquine treatment in enhancing chikungunya virus infection | Authors: | Roques, P Thiberville, S.-D Dupuis-Maguiraga, L Lum, F.-M Labadie, K Martinon, F Gras, G Lebon, P Ng, L.F.P de Lamballerie, X Le Grand, R |
Keywords: | chloroquine immunoglobulin M chloroquine Article chikungunya controlled study enzyme linked immunosorbent assay enzyme linked immunospot assay general practitioner high performance liquid chromatography human human cell lymphocytopenia Macaca fascicularis nonhuman reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction viremia virus replication animal cell culture chikungunya Chikungunya virus cohort analysis comparative study disease model drug effect epidemic fibroblast immunity immunology macrophage male Reunion virology virus load Animals Cells, Cultured Chikungunya Fever Chikungunya virus Chloroquine Cohort Studies Disease Models, Animal Disease Outbreaks Fibroblasts Humans Immunity Macaca fascicularis Macrophages Male Reunion Viral Load Virus Replication |
Issue Date: | 2018 | Publisher: | MDPI AG | Citation: | Roques, P, Thiberville, S.-D, Dupuis-Maguiraga, L, Lum, F.-M, Labadie, K, Martinon, F, Gras, G, Lebon, P, Ng, L.F.P, de Lamballerie, X, Le Grand, R (2018). Paradoxical effect of chloroquine treatment in enhancing chikungunya virus infection. Viruses 10 (5) : 268. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10050268 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International | Abstract: | Since 2005, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) re-emerged and caused numerous outbreaks in the world, and finally, was introduced into the Americas in 2013. The lack of CHIKV-specific therapies has led to the use of non-specific drugs. Chloroquine, which is commonly used to treat febrile illnesses in the tropics, has been shown to inhibit CHIKV replication in vitro. To assess the in vivo effect of chloroquine, two complementary studies were performed: (i) a prophylactic study in a non-human primate model (NHP); and (ii) a curative study “CuraChik”, which was performed during the Reunion Island outbreak in 2006 in a human cohort. Clinical, biological, and immunological data were compared between treated and placebo groups. Acute CHIKV infection was exacerbated in NHPs treated with prophylactic administration of chloroquine. These NHPs displayed a higher viremia and slower viral clearance (p < 0.003). Magnitude of viremia was correlated to the type I IFN response (Rho = 0.8, p < 0.001) and severe lymphopenia (Rho = 0.8, p < 0.0001), while treatment led to a delay in both CHIKV-specific cellular and IgM responses (p < 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively). In humans, chloroquine treatment did not affect viremia or clinical parameters during the acute stage of the disease (D1 to D14), but affected the levels of C-reactive Protein (CRP), IFN?, IL-6, and MCP1 over time (D1 to D16). Importantly, no positive effect could be detected on prevalence of persistent arthralgia at Day 300. Although inhibitory in vitro, chloroquine as a prophylactic treatment in NHPs enhances CHIKV replication and delays cellular and humoral response. In patients, curative chloroquine treatment during the acute phase decreases the levels of key cytokines, and thus may delay adaptive immune responses, as observed in NHPs, without any suppressive effect on peripheral viral load. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. | Source Title: | Viruses | URI: | https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/178533 | ISSN: | 1999-4915 | DOI: | 10.3390/v10050268 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International |
Appears in Collections: | Staff Publications Elements |
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