From junction to terminal: Extended reciprocity relations in solar cell operation

Abstract

The electronic and optoelectronic reciprocity relations for solar cells in their differential forms are extended to account for series-resistance effects. They are expressed in terms of the terminal current and voltage at any device-operating point. Three new reciprocity relations are derived for the carrier collection efficiency density, current transport efficiency, and the current conversion efficiency, whose definition and use are discussed. The potential usefulness of these relations in electroluminescence imaging, spectral response measurements, and solar cell modeling is outlined. © 2012 American Physical Society.