Synthesis of axially substituted gallium, indium and thallium phthalocyanines with nonlinear optical properties

Abstract

Axially substituted phthalocyanines with gallium, indium and thallium as central coordinated atoms have been synthesized for nonlinear optical (NLO) studies. In particular, the optical limiting effect of 2(3)- tetrabuylphthalocyaninato indium chloride (1), hexadecachlorophthalocyaninato indium chloride (2), 2,3-octa-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy) phthalocyaninato gallium chloride (3a), 2,3-octa-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)phthalocyaninato indium chloride (3b), 2,3-octa-(2-ethylhexyloxy) phthalocyaninato indium trifluoroacetate (4a), 2,3-octa-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-phthalocyaninato thallium trifluoroacetate (4b), and 2,3,9,10,16,17-hexa-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy) monobenzophthalocyaninato indium chloride (5) has been evaluated and compared when the NLO regime was determined by nanosecond laser pulses in the visible spectrum. In the case of complexes 1 and 4a the determination of the excited state absorption cross section at 532 nm could be possible due the verification of reversible saturation of NLO absorption in the adopted experimental conditions. This allowed the use of the steady-state solutions for the kinetic equations describing sequential multiphoton absorption. ©ARKAT.