A selective [4 + 2]-like cycloaddition of α, β-unsaturated ketone on Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7

Abstract

The interaction of ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK) with Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 has been investigated using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The disappearance of both stretching vibrations of {double bond, long}CH2 (3099 cm-1) and C{double bond, long}O (1684 cm-1) coupled with the appearance of new C{double bond, long}C stretching mode (1660 cm-1) in the HREELS spectra of chemisorbed EVK clearly demonstrates the direct involvement of conjugated C{double bond, long}C and C{double bond, long}O bonds to form a SiC1H2C2H{double bond, long}C3(C4H2C5H3)OSi surface species via [4 + 2]-like cycloaddition in a highly selective manner. In addition, XPS studies show that the C1s binding energies of C1/C2 and C3 upon chemisorption display chemical downshifts of 0.8 eV and 2.2 eV, respectively, further confirming the proposed [4 + 2]-like cycloaddition reaction for the EVK/Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 system. DFT theoretical calculations suggest that the proposed [4 + 2]-like cycloadduct is thermodynamically most favorable. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.