Synthesis of Lithium Niobate Gels Using a Metal Alkoxide-Metal Nitrate Precursor

Abstract

Gel material (Li:Nb = 1:1) of LiNbO3 has been prepared from a novel precursor system, niobium(V) ethoxide-lithium nitrate. The resultant biphasic gel is calcined at various elevated temperatures and studied with FTIR/XRD/DTA/SEM methods for gel composition, crystallization, and morphological development. The progressive formation (crystallization) of LiNbO3 is observed over the calcination temperature range 200-400 °C. It is found that grain growth and secondary recrystallization occur sequentially at higher temperatures. Retention behaviors of carbon-containing species and nitrate ions encapsulated in the gel matrix and a possible LiNbO3 formation mechanism are also addressed.