Reliability of test procedures for detecting the presence of 180° phase discrepancies when measuring transmission coefficients of lossless multiport rectangular-waveguide components

Abstract

Two test procedures (based either on principal minors or on singular values) have previously been proposed for detecting the presence of any 180° phase discrepancies in the transmission-coefficient measurements obtained by automatic network analyzers for multiport rectangular-waveguide components. The additional studies conducted in the present paper have confirmed that the test procedure based on principal minors tends to yield low reliability, and is thus not suitable for general application. Yet another test procedure (based on determinant magnitudes) has been proposed as well; not only is it simple to implement and use, but it has also been found to be more reliable than the test procedure based on singular values.