Addressing Complex Humanitarian Crises: Towards a People-Centred Approach in ASEAN

Abstract

Complex humanitarian crises, particularly those driven by political factors or human activity, pose significant challenges to regional stability and human security. Emerging threats, such as climate change, further complicate these challenges, making it difficult to address humanitarian needs effectively. ASEAN, with its state-centric framework and focus on natural disasters, struggles to provide adequate relief in these complex situations, as seen in the ongoing political crisis in Myanmar. The absence of a political resolution in Myanmar limits ASEAN's ability to meet humanitarian needs, undermining its commitment to being a "people-oriented, people-centered" community. This paper advocates for a parallel, people-centered approach to humanitarian relief that operates independently of political efforts. Using documentary analysis and key interviews, and focusing on Myanmar as a case study, the paper highlights the strengths of civil society organizations (CSOs) in delivering aid and the limitations of ASEANs' engagement with them. Recommendations include strengthening CSO networks, developing a legal framework for complex crises, and enhancing cross-sectoral coordination, aiming to create a more inclusive and effective humanitarian system within ASEAN.