IMPACT OF SOLAR REFLECTANCE ON FACADE THERMAL PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF NUS E1A BUILDING

Abstract

The significance of thermal comfort and energy efficiency in buildings situated in tropical climates or experiencing hot summers is on the rise due to global climate warming and the increasing dependence of occupants on Air-Conditioning (AC) systems. One way of mitigating its impacts is in manipulating building materials. The solar absorptance of building materials plays a pivotal role in determining thermal comfort within a structure. Materials with high solar absorptance tend to absorb more solar radiation, leading to increased heat transfer into the building, particularly in warmer climates. Conversely, materials with lower solar absorptance reflect more sunlight, reducing heat gain and maintaining cooler indoor temperatures. Choosing materials with appropriate solar reflectance levels based on the building's location, orientation, and climate can significantly impact energy consumption for heating and cooling, as well as occupants' comfort levels. Moreover, integrating shading devices or selecting lighter-colored materials with lower solar absorptance can further enhance thermal comfort by minimizing solar heat gain and reducing the need for mechanical cooling systems. Thus, careful consideration of solar absorptance in facade materials is crucial for optimizing thermal performance and creating comfortable indoor environments. In this study, a thoroughly validated model incorporated within the EnergyPlus simulation software is employed to systematically explore and analyze the effects of different design elements present in building facades on indoor air temperatures and the associated cooling needs. By varying parameters such as insulation levels, window sizes, shading devices, and facade materials, the research aims to comprehensively understand how these factors interact and influence thermal comfort and energy consumption within the building. Through detailed simulations and analyses, valuable insights can be gained regarding the most effective strategies for optimizing indoor environmental conditions while minimizing the reliance on mechanical cooling systems.