COMPARISON OF FACIAL PROFILE ATTRACTIVENESS BETWEEN SKELETAL VERSUS SOFT TISSUE CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSES IN BIMAXILLARY ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY FOR THE CHINESE POPULATION IN SINGAPORE

Abstract

Determining the ideal sagittal position of the maxilla is one of the most subjective components of bimaxillary orthognathic surgery treatment planning. Skeletal cephalometry has historically been used but has been found to be unreliable and outcomes poorly correlated with facial esthetics. Despite multiple soft tissue cephalometric analyses proposed, there is no consensus on an analysis to predictably identify the ideal sagittal position of the maxilla. This thesis investigates the simulated esthetic outcomes of skeletal cephalometry based treatment planning versus various soft tissue based cephalometric analyses in the Chinese population of Singapore