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https://doi.org/10.3390/s150509610
Title: | Lower extremity joint angle tracking with wireless ultrasonic sensors during a squat exercise | Authors: | Qi, Y Boon Soh, C Gunawan, E Low, K.-S Thomas, R |
Keywords: | Inverse kinematics Kinematics Mean square error Patient rehabilitation Ultrasonic applications Ultrasonic measurement Ultrasonic sensors Ultrasonics Wireless sensor networks Correlation coefficient Damped least squares Horizontal and vertical displacement Inverse kinematic models Joint angle Root mean square errors Squat Ultrasonic measurement systems Wearable sensors |
Issue Date: | 2015 | Publisher: | MDPI AG | Citation: | Qi, Y, Boon Soh, C, Gunawan, E, Low, K.-S, Thomas, R (2015). Lower extremity joint angle tracking with wireless ultrasonic sensors during a squat exercise. Sensors (Switzerland) 15 (5) : 9610-9627. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.3390/s150509610 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International | Abstract: | This paper presents an unrestrained measurement system based on a wearable wireless ultrasonic sensor network to track the lower extremity joint and trunk kinematics during a squat exercise with only one ultrasonic sensor attached to the trunk. The system consists of an ultrasound transmitter (mobile) and multiple receivers (anchors) whose positions are known. The proposed system measures the horizontal and vertical displacement, together with known joint constraints, to estimate joint flexion/extension angles using an inverse kinematic model based on the damped least-squares technique. The performance of the proposed ultrasonic measurement system was validated against a camera-based tracking system on eight healthy subjects performing a planar squat exercise. Joint angles estimated from the ultrasonic system showed a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.85? ± 0.57? with the reference system. Statistical analysis indicated great agreements between these two systems with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) value larger than 0.99 for all joint angles’ estimation. These results show that the proposed ultrasonic measurement system is useful for applications, such as rehabilitation and sports. © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. | Source Title: | Sensors (Switzerland) | URI: | https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/180120 | ISSN: | 1424-8220 | DOI: | 10.3390/s150509610 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International |
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