Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00488
Title: High sporozoite antibody titers in conjunction with microscopically detectable blood infection display signatures of protection from clinical malaria
Authors: Offeddu, V 
Olotu, A
Osier, F
Marsh, K
Matuschewski, K
Thathy, V
Keywords: circumsporozoite protein
membrane protein
antibody blood level
antibody response
antibody titer
Article
bloodstream infection
disease carrier
disease transmission
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
follow up
humoral immunity
malaria
nonhuman
parasitemia
Plasmodium falciparum
season
sporozoite
Issue Date: 2017
Citation: Offeddu, V, Olotu, A, Osier, F, Marsh, K, Matuschewski, K, Thathy, V (2017). High sporozoite antibody titers in conjunction with microscopically detectable blood infection display signatures of protection from clinical malaria. Frontiers in Immunology 8 (MAY) : 488. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00488
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
Abstract: Immunoepidemiological studies typically reveal slow, age-dependent acquisition of immune responses against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Naturally acquired immunity against preerythrocytic stages is considered inadequate to confer protection against clinical malaria. To explore previously unrecognized antisporozoite responses, we measured serum levels of naturally acquired antibodies to whole Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (Pfspz) and the immunodominant (NANP)5 repeats of the major sporozoite surface protein, circumsporozoite protein, in a well-characterized Kenyan cohort. Sera were sampled at the start of the malaria transmission season, and all subjects were prospectively monitored for uncomplicated clinical malaria in the ensuing 6 months. We used Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable regression to investigate the association of antisporozoite immunity with incidence of clinical malaria. Although naturally acquired humoral responses against Pfspz and (NANP)5 were strongly correlated (p < 0.0001), 37% of Pfspz responders did not recognize (NANP)5. The prevalence and magnitude of antisporozoite responses increased with age, although some high Pfspz responders were identified among children. Survival analysis revealed a reduced risk of and increased time to first or only episode of clinical malaria among Pfspz or (NANP)5 responders carrying microscopically detectable Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasitemia at the start of the transmission season (p < 0.03). Our Cox regression interaction models indicated a potentially protective interaction between high anti-Pfspz (p = 0.002) or anti-(NANP)5 (p = 0.001) antibody levels and microscopically detectable Pf parasitemia on the risk of subsequent clinical malaria. Our findings indicate that robust antisporozoite immune responses can be naturally acquired already at an early age. A potentially protective role of high levels of anti-Pfspz antibodies against clinical episodes of uncomplicated malaria was detected, suggesting that antibody-mediated preerythrocytic immunity might indeed contribute to protection in nature. @ 2017 Offeddu, Olotu, Osier, Marsh, Matuschewski and Thathy.
Source Title: Frontiers in Immunology
URI: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/179500
ISSN: 16643224
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00488
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
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