UTILIZING SYNTHETIC POLYMERS FOR THE ANTIBACTERIAL FUNCTIONALIZATION OF IMPLANT CONSTRUCTS TO PREVENT ORTHOPAEDIC INFECTIONS

Abstract

This research explores the conferment of anti-microbial properties to the implant-cement bone construct as a strategy towards reducing the incidence of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Despite the relatively good clinical outcomes of total joint replacements, PJIs still remain a significant cause of implant failure. Primary prophylaxis is key to stemming this burgeoning problem and its associated complications.

In this thesis, a multi-pronged approach has been adopted which targets the functionalization of both the titanium substrates and cement constructs with the use of synthetic biocompatible polymers. Antimicrobial polymers with tuneable amphiphilicity and cationicity have been designed as novel anti-bacterial and anti-fouling surface coatings for titanium implants. A second strategy involving the surface coating of titanium implants with polymers for antibiotic immobilization has also been explored. Additionally, novel bone cement with enhanced elution properties have also been developed through the addition of functional polymers to commercially available bone cement. These novel materials have been assayed against representative orthopaedic pathogens to demonstrate proof of efficacy. Cytotoxicity and biomechanical studies have also been performed in view of the potential for clinical translation.