马来西亚华语口语中“有够ADJ”的功能与来源 = THE FUNCTION AND ORIGIN OF "有够ADJ" IN MALAYSIAN SPOKEN MANDARIN

Abstract

This paper examines the function and origin of the “有够Adj” construct in Malaysian Spoken Mandarin. We first employ a diachronic viewpoint and investigate the function of “有够Adj” within the system of Malaysian Spoken Mandarin. It is observed that “有够Adj” can only be used with sentence-final particle 的, but not with sentence-final particle 了. After a comparison of 的 and 了, it is suggested that the restriction which “有够Adj” displays is due to its static nature, which is in direct opposition to the dynamicity of 了. Furthermore, “有够” exhibits a strict tendency to modify derogatory adjectives. The “有够Adj” construct demonstrates the feature of unexpectedness and subjective emotional dissatisfaction. The same subjective emotional dissatisfaction is also displayed when “有够” modifies non-derogatory adjectives. From a synchronic perspective, the origins of “有够Adj” can be traced both to China’s southern dialects and the Mandarin Putonghua. “有” from the southern dialects and “够Adj” from Mandarin Putonghua coexist in Malaysian Spoken Mandarin. Within the Malaysian Spoken Mandarin system, “有” combines with “够Adj” to form the “有够Adj ” construct.