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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02321.x
Title: | Three estimates of the association between linear growth failure and cognitive ability | Authors: | Cheung, Y.B. Lam, K.F. |
Keywords: | Body height Child development Cognition Statistical models Stunting |
Issue Date: | Sep-2009 | Citation: | Cheung, Y.B., Lam, K.F. (2009-09). Three estimates of the association between linear growth failure and cognitive ability. Tropical Medicine and International Health 14 (9) : 1020-1024. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02321.x | Abstract: | Objectives To compare three estimators of association between growth stunting as measured by height-for-age Z-score and cognitive ability in children, and to examine the extent statistical adjustment for covariates is useful for removing confounding due to socio-economic status. Methods Three estimators, namely random-effects, within- and between-cluster estimators, for panel data were used to estimate the association in a survey of 1105 pairs of siblings who were assessed for anthropometry and cognition. Furthermore, a 'combined' model was formulated to simultaneously provide the within- and between-cluster estimates. Results Random-effects and between-cluster estimators showed strong association between linear growth and cognitive ability, even after adjustment for a range of socio-economic variables. In contrast, the within-cluster estimator showed a much more modest association: For every increase of one Z-score in linear growth, cognitive ability increased by about 0.08 standard deviation (P < 0.001). The combined model verified that the between-cluster estimate was significantly larger than the within-cluster estimate (P = 0.004). Conclusion Residual confounding by socio-economic situations may explain a substantial proportion of the observed association between linear growth and cognition in studies that attempt to control the confounding by means of multivariable regression analysis. The within-cluster estimator provides more convincing and modest results about the strength of association. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | Source Title: | Tropical Medicine and International Health | URI: | http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/110324 | ISSN: | 13602276 | DOI: | 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02321.x |
Appears in Collections: | Staff Publications |
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