INSULTS TO INJURIES: EFFECTS OF (IN)CIVILITY ON PAIN INFLICTED BY TRAUMA TEAM MEMBERS
GOH E-YANG
GOH E-YANG
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Abstract
This paper sought to answer two questions. Firstly, how exposure to incivility and civility affect the amount of pain inflicted by individual trauma team members on trauma patients during trauma treatment. Secondly, whether enacting behaviours of incivility and civility were associated with trauma team members adopting a more humanistic or mechanistic mindset towards trauma treatment. To do so, a conceptual model was proposed and tested through three studies. Studies 1 and 3 involved an observational study conducted on trauma teams at a hospital in Singapore, which analysed the behaviours of 645 trauma team members. Study 2 used an anonymous online questionnaire with 303 responses to verify a behavioural coding scheme for study 3. Using hierarchical linear modeling, study 1 demonstrated that only incivility resulted in greater amounts of pain inflicted on patients, while study 3 revealed that levels of incivility and civility were partially predicted by the mindset adopted by trauma team members towards trauma treatment. To supplement these findings, on-site observations from the hospital were referenced, following which the conceptual model was revised based on results. Finally, the need to maintain incivility-free trauma treatment climates was emphasized and that adopting a more humanistic mindset could facilitate this.
Keywords
incivility, civility, healthcare, pain
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2018-04-12
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