Character and identity in Singapore new towns: Planner and resident perspectives

Abstract

This paper identifies and discusses the Housing and Development Board's policy with regard to developing character and identity in Singapore's new towns. It explores the ways in which policy is translated into planning forms and designs to evoke a sense of identity amongst residents, and the relative success of such efforts. The discussion is based on data collected in a questionnaire survey carried out during 1993, involving 400 households in two new towns. The results indicate that planning elements at the macro level (namely, distinctive skylines, block designs, town parks and town centres) produce new towns which are physically distinct. On the other hand, planning elements which are not physically apparent and to which people cannot relate have minimal impact on the development of character and identity. For example, residents find the precinct and flat design to contribute little to the distinctiveness of their new towns. This is due to the lack of understanding of residents' needs, in turn a result of the low level of consultation with residents. However, the recent more open policy towards resident involvement in the decision-making process augurs well for future town planning. It is, nevertheless, recognised that there will remain a degree of conflict of interests between planners and residents regarding the type of planning elements thought to be crucial to the character of new towns. This is because residents will have particular needs and concerns, while developers have to structure their priorities within set parameters.