Delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism and its effect on human susceptibility to renal toxicity by inorganic lead

Abstract

This is a cross-sectional study investigating a sample of lead workers in Vietnam, aiming to find the distributions of ALAD polymorphisms, the early biological effects for lead, and the susceptible alleles. Blood lead, urinary I?1-microglobulin (UI?1m), I?2-microglobulin (UI?2m), retinol binding protein (URBP), albumin, amino levulinic acid and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (TNAG), serum I?1-microglobulin and I?2-microglobuling were measured. Six ALAD Polymorphisms, Msp & Rsa in exon 4, Rsa39 in exon 5, HpyIV & HpyCH4 in intron 6, Sau3A in intron 12, were selected in study. Our research found, for Rsa, Rsa39, HpyCH4, HpyIV, Sau3A SNPs, the ALAD-1 frequencies were 0.467, 0.467, 0.942, 0.852, 0.769 respectively, and the respective ALAD-2 frequencies were 0.533, 0.533, 0.058, 0.148 and 0.231. The classical ALAD polymorphism consisted of 95.9% ALAD-1 and 4.1% ALAD-2. UI?1m, UI?2m, URBP and TNAG are good early biological effects for lead exposure. HpyCH4 could change the association of PbB with renal parameters.