Lau, Siew TiangSiah, Chiew Jiat RosalindLoh, Wen LiangRusli, Khairul Dzakirin BinSchmidt, Laura ThamLim, Fui PingLiaw, Sok YingALICE LEE CENTRE FOR NURSING STUDIES2023-11-202023-11-202023-12-31Lau, Siew Tiang, Siah, Chiew Jiat Rosalind, Loh, Wen Liang, Rusli, Khairul Dzakirin Bin, Schmidt, Laura Tham, Lim, Fui Ping, Liaw, Sok Ying (2023-12-31). Enhancing professional competency in clinical procedures using head-mounted display virtual reality-a mixed method study. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 28 (1). ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2023.22321341087-2981https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/246077Background: The maintenance of nursing professional competency is essential to ensure patients’ health outcomes. With the current shortage of nursing workforce, a novel approach is necessary to refresh clinical skills and update practice. Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using head-mounted display virtual reality to refresh knowledge and skills and explore nurses’ perceptions towards using this technology for refresher training. Design: A pre-test post-test mixed-method experimental design was employed. Results: Participants (n = 88) were registered nurses with a diploma in nursing. The intravenous therapy and subcutaneous injection procedures were implemented using head-mounted display virtual reality. The study showed significant improvement in knowledge for the procedures, cognitive absorption, online readiness, self-directed learning, and motivation for learning. In the qualitative focus group discussions, three themes were identified using thematic analyses: enjoyable way to refresh clinical knowledge; learning outside classroom and limitations in maneuver. Conclusion: Using head-mounted display virtual reality is promising in refreshing clinical skills for nurses. Training and refresher courses can explore using this novel technology, which may be a viable alternative to ensure professional competence with reduced manpower and resources used by the healthcare institution.enSocial SciencesEducation & Educational ResearchClinical competencyprofessionalnursesproceduresvirtual realityrefresherhead-mounted displayintravenous therapysubcutaneous injectionDELIBERATE-PRACTICENURSING-EDUCATIONSIMULATIONArticle2023-11-18