Steering bose-einstein condensates despite time symmetry

Abstract

A Bose-Einstein condensate in an oscillating spatially asymmetric potential is shown to exhibit a directed current for unbiased initial conditions despite time symmetry. This phenomenon occurs only if the interaction between atoms, treated in mean-field approximation, exceeds a critical value. Our findings can be described with a three-mode model. These three-mode model results corroborate well with a many-body study over a time scale which increases with increasing atom number. The duration of this time scale probes the validity of the used mean-field approximation. © 2009 The American Physical Society.