Characterization of low-cost one-to-two qubit cloning

Abstract

A deep connection between the 3-qubit one-to-two phase-covariant quantum cloning network and its low costs two qubit counterpart was analyzed. The first step for the deep connection involves a study of the possibility to replace 3-quNit cloners by 2-quNit cloners. The second steps involves the introduction of useful tools and establish a deep relation between the Fuchs-Gisin-Griffiths-Niu-Peres (FGGNP) transformation and the NG transformation. It was observed that the low cost cloning machine was simple to realize and requires less gates and less operations.