Development of three-dimensional tumor models for the study of anti-cancer drug effects

Abstract

Cell-based assays can be used prior to in vivo tests to enable quantitative examinations of the responses of cells and, on the tissue scale, tumor-stromal mimics to drugs. However, the challenge is always to reproduce as closely as possible the native-state tumor microenvironment so as to accurately predict in vivo drug responses. In this chapter, we will list the advantages of 3D models over conventional 2D culture, review the current progresses in developing anti-cancer drug tests based on 3D in vitro culture systems, and discuss the importance of mechanics in designing these 3D models. We will highlight various techniques that have been used to construct 3D models that reflect the native physiology/pathology of a solid tumor as closely as possible in order to evaluate these drug effects, and detail specific research questions addressed using these 3D models. We will conclude this review with an outlook of the future of 3D models for improved in vitro drug assays. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011.