Finite element simulation of the spine with haptic interface

Abstract

This study describes construction of a finite element model of the human spine that may be used to assist investigation of clinical problems by predicting its biomechanical behaviour. We describe a combination of online real-time FE simulation supported by an offline non-linear FEA solver. Haptic feedback is provided in the real-time simulation to enhance the human-computer interaction within the system. Approximate results of spinal deformation can be obtained from the haptic online FE simulator. The offline FEA solver provides more detailed deformation and strain/stress information using the primary simulation results from the online simulator.