Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2018.0664
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dc.titleNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hypercholesterolemia: Roles of Thyroid Hormones, Metabolites, and Agonists
dc.contributor.authorSinha, Rohit A
dc.contributor.authorBruinstroop, Eveline
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Brijesh K
dc.contributor.authorYen, Paul M
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-08T06:50:06Z
dc.date.available2022-06-08T06:50:06Z
dc.date.issued2019-09-01
dc.identifier.citationSinha, Rohit A, Bruinstroop, Eveline, Singh, Brijesh K, Yen, Paul M (2019-09-01). Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hypercholesterolemia: Roles of Thyroid Hormones, Metabolites, and Agonists. THYROID 29 (9) : 1173-1191. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2018.0664
dc.identifier.issn10507256
dc.identifier.issn15579077
dc.identifier.urihttps://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/226730
dc.description.abstractBackground: Thyroid hormones (THs) exert a strong influence on mammalian lipid metabolism at the systemic and hepatic levels by virtue of their roles in regulating circulating lipoprotein, triglyceride (TAG), and cholesterol levels, as well as hepatic TAG storage and metabolism. These effects are mediated by intricate sensing and feedback systems that function at the physiological, metabolic, molecular, and transcriptional levels in the liver. Dysfunction in the pathways involved in lipid metabolism disrupts hepatic lipid homeostasis and contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypercholesterolemia. There has been strong interest in understanding and employing THs, TH metabolites, and TH mimetics as lipid-modifying drugs. Summary: THs regulate many processes involved in hepatic TAG and cholesterol metabolism to decrease serum cholesterol and intrahepatic lipid content. TH receptor β analogs designed to have less side effects than the natural hormone are currently being tested in phase II clinical studies for NAFLD and hypercholesterolemia. The TH metabolites, 3,5-diiodo-l-Thyronine (T2) and T1AM (3-iodothyronamine), have different beneficial effects on lipid metabolism compared with triiodothyronine (T3), although their clinical application is still under investigation. Also, prodrugs and glucagon/T3 conjugates have been developed that direct TH to the liver. Conclusions: TH-based therapies show clinical promise for the treatment of NAFLD and hypercholesterolemia. Strategies for limiting side effects of TH are being developed and may enable TH metabolites and analogs to have specific effects in the liver for treatments of these conditions. These liver-specific effects and potential suppression of the hypothalamic/pituitary/thyroid axis raise the issue of monitoring liver-specific markers of TH action to assess clinical efficacy and dosing of these compounds.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
dc.sourceElements
dc.subjectScience & Technology
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicine
dc.subjectEndocrinology & Metabolism
dc.subjectthyroid hormone
dc.subjectmetabolites
dc.subjectanalogs
dc.subjectNAFLD
dc.subjectcholesterol
dc.subjectRECEPTOR-BETA AGONISTS
dc.subjectGENE-EXPRESSION
dc.subjectBINDING PROTEIN
dc.subjectMESSENGER-RNA
dc.subjectLDL RECEPTOR
dc.subjectBODY-WEIGHT
dc.subjectHEPATIC FAT
dc.subjectTRIIODOTHYROACETIC ACID
dc.subjectCHOLESTEROL-METABOLISM
dc.subjectREDUCES CHOLESTEROL
dc.typeReview
dc.date.updated2022-06-07T06:26:54Z
dc.contributor.departmentDEAN'S OFFICE (DUKE-NUS MEDICAL SCHOOL)
dc.contributor.departmentDUKE-NUS MEDICAL SCHOOL
dc.description.doi10.1089/thy.2018.0664
dc.description.sourcetitleTHYROID
dc.description.volume29
dc.description.issue9
dc.description.page1173-1191
dc.published.statePublished
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