LEGAL ASPECTS OF RESTROOM DESIGN, MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT IN SINGAPORE

Abstract

Washrooms are designed and built for people to manage their personal hygiene. However, with the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019, awareness with regard to the lack of cleanliness in local public washrooms has heightened. Known for its ability to spread through aerosols and droplets, washrooms are high risk areas if users do not properly maintain their personal hygiene. Although Singapore is widely known as a “clean and green city”, it does not always apply to public restrooms, especially those located in coffeeshops.

In this dissertation, a literature review is conducted to determine the possible reasons for unclean toilets, and the current legislation and codes of practices imposed on toilet owners and users in ensuring toilet maintenance and cleanliness. Additional initiatives and campaigns are also studied. These measures are then analysed to determine their efficacy in boosting toilet cleanliness. Interviews were conducted with public sector officers and professionals to gather valuable insights and expert opinion on various issues, such as the inefficacy of current efforts and examples of good toilet use, design and maintenance.

Based on the research findings from the literature reviews and interviews, the author has identified areas of improvement for existing legislation and codes of practices and proposes a list of amendments. The study also provides insights on additional areas that may require further research and improvement.

The author has endeavoured to state the law in Singapore as at 3 March 2022.