ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING - AUGMENTING COASTAL DEFENCE MANAGEMENT IN SINGAPORE

Abstract

Coastal areas around the world will predictably see a significant increase in population growth and consequently extensive coastal development, due to the rich natural resources found in coastal regions. Singapore being one of the world’s smallest city-state, is no stranger to large-scale coastal development. As coastal areas are developed for economic growth, coastal defence structures are constructed at an appalling speed to serve as a defence against flooding and erosion. Using Singapore as a case study, this dissertation aims to first examine benthic and coral communities found on different seawalls and how they differ through age and time, secondly to investigate how coral transplantation can be augmented for different stakeholders, and lastly to discuss how coastal defence management can be enhanced.