LIGHT RESPONSIVE AND TUMOR TARGETING NANOCARRIERS FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective against superficial cancers. However, its clinical applications are limited due to the low aqueous solubility and low targeting capability of photosensitizers (PSs). In addition, the low penetration of visible light limits PDT for treating deep-seated tumors. In this thesis, three approaches to address these limitations were investigated. In the first approach, a smart light responsive nanocarrier composed was developed for PS loading and delivery for PDT. Miniaturized LEDs were applied to induce the degradation of the carriers and activate the PS. In the second approach, a glycosylated nanocarrier was designed for targeting cancer cells and combined photodynamic-chemotherapy against bladder tumors. Miniaturized LEDs were used as an implantable wireless device. Finally, the glycosylated carrier was applied for delivery of PS to glioblastoma multiforme, and an implantable hydrogel fiber loaded with sub-micrometer upconversion nanoparticles was developed as a visible light emitting and transmitting device.