Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-305
Title: Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore, 2009
Authors: Ng, L.-C
Lee, K.-S
Tan, C.-H
Ooi, P.-L
Lam-Phua, S.-G
Lin, R 
Pang, S.-C
Lai, Y.-L
Solhan, S
Chan, P.-P
Wong, K.-Y
Ho, S.-T
Vythilingam, I
Keywords: merozoite surface protein 1
merozoite surface protein 3alpha
parasite antigen
unclassified drug
merozoite surface protein 1
merozoite surface protein 3, Plasmodium
parasite antigen
protozoal protein
Anopheles
anopheles sinensis
article
blood sampling
controlled study
disease carrier
disease transmission
epidemiological data
gene
gene cluster
gene expression profiling
gene sequence
human
insect bite
life expectancy
molecular biology
molecular epidemiology
nonhuman
normal human
nucleotide sequence
oocyst
phylogenetic tree
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium vivax malaria
protozoal genetics
restriction fragment length polymorphism
Singapore
sporozoite
travel
zoology
adult
animal
Anopheles
classification
genetics
growth, development and aging
male
middle aged
molecular epidemiology
parasitology
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium vivax malaria
Singapore
Adult
Animals
Anopheles
Antigens, Protozoan
Humans
Malaria, Vivax
Male
Merozoite Surface Protein 1
Middle Aged
Molecular Epidemiology
Plasmodium vivax
Protozoan Proteins
Singapore
Issue Date: 2010
Citation: Ng, L.-C, Lee, K.-S, Tan, C.-H, Ooi, P.-L, Lam-Phua, S.-G, Lin, R, Pang, S.-C, Lai, Y.-L, Solhan, S, Chan, P.-P, Wong, K.-Y, Ho, S.-T, Vythilingam, I (2010). Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore, 2009. Malaria Journal 9 (1) : 305. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-305
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
Abstract: Abstract. Background. Singapore has been certified malaria free since November 1982 by the World Health Organization and despite occasional local transmission, the country has maintained the standing. In 2009, three clusters of malaria cases were reported in Singapore. Methods. Epidemiological, entomological and molecular studies were carried out to investigate the three clusters, namely Mandai-Sungei Kadut, Jurong Island and Sembawang. Results. A total of 29 malaria patients, with no recent travel history, were reported in the three clusters. Molecular analysis based on the msp3 and msp1 genes showed two independent local transmissions: one in Mandai-Sungei Kadut and another in Sembawang. Almost all cases within each cluster were epidemiologically linked. In Jurong Island cluster, epidemiological link remains uncertain, as almost all cases had a unique genetic profile. Only two cases shared a common profile and were found to be linked to the Mandai-Sungei Kadut cluster. Entomological investigation found Anopheles sinensis to be the predominant Anopheline in the two areas where local transmission of P. vivax was confirmed. Anopheles sinensis was found to be attracted to human bait and bites as early as 19:45 hrs. However, all Anopheles mosquitoes caught were negative for sporozoites and oocysts by dissection. Conclusion. Investigation of P. vivax cases from the three cluster areas confirmed the occurrence of local transmission in two areas. Although An. sinensis was the predominant Anopheline found in areas with confirmed transmission, the vector/s responsible for the outbreaks still remains cryptic. © 2010 Ng et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Source Title: Malaria Journal
URI: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/181654
ISSN: 14752875
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-305
Rights: Attribution 4.0 International
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