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https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-305
Title: | Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore, 2009 | Authors: | Ng, L.-C Lee, K.-S Tan, C.-H Ooi, P.-L Lam-Phua, S.-G Lin, R Pang, S.-C Lai, Y.-L Solhan, S Chan, P.-P Wong, K.-Y Ho, S.-T Vythilingam, I |
Keywords: | merozoite surface protein 1 merozoite surface protein 3alpha parasite antigen unclassified drug merozoite surface protein 1 merozoite surface protein 3, Plasmodium parasite antigen protozoal protein Anopheles anopheles sinensis article blood sampling controlled study disease carrier disease transmission epidemiological data gene gene cluster gene expression profiling gene sequence human insect bite life expectancy molecular biology molecular epidemiology nonhuman normal human nucleotide sequence oocyst phylogenetic tree Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium vivax malaria protozoal genetics restriction fragment length polymorphism Singapore sporozoite travel zoology adult animal Anopheles classification genetics growth, development and aging male middle aged molecular epidemiology parasitology Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium vivax malaria Singapore Adult Animals Anopheles Antigens, Protozoan Humans Malaria, Vivax Male Merozoite Surface Protein 1 Middle Aged Molecular Epidemiology Plasmodium vivax Protozoan Proteins Singapore |
Issue Date: | 2010 | Citation: | Ng, L.-C, Lee, K.-S, Tan, C.-H, Ooi, P.-L, Lam-Phua, S.-G, Lin, R, Pang, S.-C, Lai, Y.-L, Solhan, S, Chan, P.-P, Wong, K.-Y, Ho, S.-T, Vythilingam, I (2010). Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore, 2009. Malaria Journal 9 (1) : 305. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-305 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International | Abstract: | Abstract. Background. Singapore has been certified malaria free since November 1982 by the World Health Organization and despite occasional local transmission, the country has maintained the standing. In 2009, three clusters of malaria cases were reported in Singapore. Methods. Epidemiological, entomological and molecular studies were carried out to investigate the three clusters, namely Mandai-Sungei Kadut, Jurong Island and Sembawang. Results. A total of 29 malaria patients, with no recent travel history, were reported in the three clusters. Molecular analysis based on the msp3 and msp1 genes showed two independent local transmissions: one in Mandai-Sungei Kadut and another in Sembawang. Almost all cases within each cluster were epidemiologically linked. In Jurong Island cluster, epidemiological link remains uncertain, as almost all cases had a unique genetic profile. Only two cases shared a common profile and were found to be linked to the Mandai-Sungei Kadut cluster. Entomological investigation found Anopheles sinensis to be the predominant Anopheline in the two areas where local transmission of P. vivax was confirmed. Anopheles sinensis was found to be attracted to human bait and bites as early as 19:45 hrs. However, all Anopheles mosquitoes caught were negative for sporozoites and oocysts by dissection. Conclusion. Investigation of P. vivax cases from the three cluster areas confirmed the occurrence of local transmission in two areas. Although An. sinensis was the predominant Anopheline found in areas with confirmed transmission, the vector/s responsible for the outbreaks still remains cryptic. © 2010 Ng et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. | Source Title: | Malaria Journal | URI: | https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/181654 | ISSN: | 14752875 | DOI: | 10.1186/1475-2875-9-305 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International |
Appears in Collections: | Elements Staff Publications |
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