NUMERICAL AND HYDRAULIC TIDAL MODELS FOR SINGAPORE COASTAL WATERS

Abstract

A two dimensional mathematical hydrodynamic model has been developed to simulate tidal elevations and its associated currents in coastal waters of Singapore. The computational method selected to describe the long-period water wave motion is based upon the numerical integration of depth averaged shallow water wave equations. The model is verified based on simulations carried out on a Regional Model domain comprising the Straits of Singapore. Johore and surrounding waters using extensive field measurements. Its applicability to practical problems in the region is further confirmed through a hybrid modelling study considering the near field coastal waters southeast of Singapore. A physical tidal hydraulic model ls setup in this study for evaluation of nearshore hydrodynamics. The experimental results are compared with the numerical output and prototype measurements. As further development an extention of the numerical model to solve shallow water equations with an orthogonal coordinates transformation has been successfully implemented. A Numerical grid generator necessary for the generation of 2-D boundary fitted grids is developed. The validity of the modelling technique using curvilinear coordinate system ls again demonstrated by application to coastal waters off Singapore. These simulation results are further compared with their counterparts from Cartesian grid rectangular model and field measurements.