Qualitative analysis of particulate matter emission from diesel engine fueled with Jet A-1 under multivariate combustion boundaries by principal component analysis

Abstract

The impact of Jet A-1 fuel on diesel engine performance and particulate matter emission was experimentally and analytically investigated in this study. Differential mobility spectrometer 500 and soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer were employed to analyze the size distributions and chemical compositions of soot particles from engine. Since the underlying potential of applying Jet fuel on diesel engine relies on the synergistic play of fuel properties and multivariate engine combustion boundaries, qualitative analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to identify the effect of multivariate engine combustion boundaries on soot particle distributions based on the tested results for both Jet A-1 and diesel fuels. Meanwhile, data ellipse method using eigenvalues and eigenvectors was used to display the correlation relationship of soot particle distributions between varied fuels. It was found nucleation mode particles were prevalence in premixed combustion while accumulated model particles were dominated in diffusion combustion. With the development of diffusion combustion, the particles size distribution became stronger linear dependence for diesel and Jet A-1. Furthermore, Jet A-1 favours producing more nucleated particles due to intensified fuel atomization and premixed combustion, which results in increased organics composition. At high engine load, although accumulation mode particles show dominance in both tested fuels, the number density of the accumulation mode particles and the mass fraction of black carbon of Jet A-1 are lower than those of diesel. In summary, Jet A-1 generally has positive particles reduction capability on diesel engines as compared to commercial diesel fuel. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd