PERCEPTIONS OF FATHERS UNDERGOING PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN THE EARLY POSTPARTUM PERIOD: A DESCRIPTIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

Background: Fatherhood may be rewarding yet complicated at the same time, where challenges surface and stress increases. Fathers experience various levels of stress and for some, maladaptive coping occurs. Untreated psychological distress could result in detrimental child and family outcomes. It is thus imperative to explore the distinct experiences and needs of distressed fathers in the early postnatal stage to provide appropriate support for them. Aim: This study aims to discover distressed fathers’ experiences and needs in the early postpartum period. Design: A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Methodology: A purposive sample of 12 distressed fathers, determined by the Kessler-6 scale, was interviewed in this study. Interviews were conducted face-to-face, along with a semi-structured interview guide. Audio-recorded interview data was accurately transcribed and then thematically analysed. Results: Six themes emerged from thematic analysis – (1) facing the ‘real deal’, (2) everyday woes, (3) ‘losing excitement’, (4) ‘trying to be strong’, (5) ‘reality check’, (6) supplementing help for fathers. Conclusion: Findings from the study are important to add evidence to current limited paternal research, especially in Singapore. By recognising that paternal psychological distress exists in the early postnatal stage, healthcare professionals as well as family members should be able to be more empathetic and sensitive to paternal struggles and support needs.