COGNITIVE RISKS, PERSONALITY PATHOLOGY, AND STRUCTURAL MODELS OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: ELUCIDATING COMMON AND SPECIFIC RISK PATHWAYS UNDERLYING INTERNALISING SYMPTOMS

Abstract

Comorbidity among internalising disorders represents the norm rather than the exception. Recently, a novel theoretical framework has been proposed to shed light on the mechanisms underlying such comorbidity. This study sought to empirically test some propositions advocated in this framework. Specifically, we investigated the links between cognitive vulnerabilities, personality pathology, and latent psychopathology liabilities, including a general psychopathology factor (p factor) and specific internalising and externalising dimensions, as conceptualised within a latent bifactor model. Self-report data on risks and symptoms were collected from an undergraduate sample (N = 275) and analysed using confirmatory factor analyses. The p factor was related to negative affectivity; externalising psychopathology was specifically related to disinhibition; and internalising psychopathology was specifically related to detachment and the core cognitive vulnerability. Particular cognitive vulnerabilities demonstrated predictive specificity for their hypothesised corresponding symptoms. Findings highlight potential transdiagnostic and disorder-specific targets for treatment intervention and support the utility of the novel theoretical framework in clarifying common and specific risk pathways underlying internalising symptoms.