The influence of surfactants on the solubilization, extraction and biodegradation of model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common and highly toxic environmental pollutants. The high hydrophobicity of these compounds contributes to their low bioavailability and persistence in the environment. Consequently, an effective method is required for the trace determination of these compounds in the environment. Moreover, their bioavailability also needs to be improved. In this thesis, an effective and simple extraction technique based on the aqueous phase behavior of surfactants, Tergitol 15-S-X (X=5 and 7), was developed. Solubilization of model PAHs by these surfactants was investigated. Effects of various factors on the characteristics of the extraction process were studied as well. Furthermore, the influence of surfactants Tergitol 15-S-X (X=7, 9 and 12) on the biodegradation and bioavailability of a model PAH, phenanthrene by a marine bacteria were also examined. It was observed that addition of these surfactants could improve the bioavailability of phenanthrene, which is attributable to its enhanced solubility.