Evaluation of British pendulum tester for laboratory pavement skid resistance measurements

Abstract

The British pendulum tester is the most widely accepted device for laboratory friction testing of pavement materials. It is generally recognized that the pendulum tester measures the so-called microtexture governed frictional property of the material tested at a low speed. However, the actual mechanism involved in the test is unknown. This thesis presents an in-depth analysis concerning skid resistance of multi-textured surfaces, specially-designed patterns of macrotexture both in dry and wet conditions. A four-part experimental program is conducted to give further insight into the pavement skid resistance measurements by the pendulum tester. With the aid of a 3-dimensional finite element modeling of the friction test, more detailed information about the pendulum sliding process can be offered. Finally, recommendations on the use of the pendulum tester in wet condition and for surfaces with certain forms of macrotexture are provided.