Plasminogen activators, plasminogen activator inhibitors and markers of intravascular coagulation in pre-eclampsia

Abstract

In pre-eclampsia (PE), reduced levels of plasma urokinase-like plasminogen activator (u-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), and increased levels of plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen were seen. The majority of moderate and severe pre-eclamptic women (7 out of 10) ended up with pre-term delivery as compared with 2 out of 11 who went on to term. Patients with moderate and severe PE had significantly lower levels (mean ± SD, ng/ml) of PAI-2 (58.4 ± 34.9) and u-PA antigen (1.61 ± 0.62) as compared to those with mild PE (95.6 ± 39.3 and 1.61 ± 0.62 and 2.12 ± 0.61, respectively). Significantly raised t-PA antigen (14.6 ± 5.7 ng/ml) was seen in moderate and severe PE as compared with mild PE (9.9 ± 3.4 ng/ml). PAI-1 activity was significantly raised only in moderate and severe PE as compared with normal pregnancy. There were no significant differences in thrombin-antithrombin-III complexes, D-dimer and β-thromboglobulin levels between the PE group and normal pregnancy, although these parameters were above the non-pregnant levels. Platelets in PE were within the range found in normal pregnancy. It appears that measurements of plasma u-PA and PAI-2 levels in patients with PE may have prognostic value in determining the outcome of pregnancy in this pregnancy disorder.