Sir Cyril Goes to India': Partition, Boundary-Making and Disruptions in the Punjab

Abstract

Examines why the partitioning of Punjab resulted in widespread violence between Sikhs & Muslims. Although the Aug 1947 partition displaced millions of non-Muslims & Muslims by redrawing national boundaries, it was the speed & manner in which the partitioning was completed that produced the terrible consequences that followed India's independence. An analysis of the representative special interest groups - specifically, Muslims, Sikhs, & non-Muslims - reveals irreconcilable demands regarding the division of Punjab. Granted less than 6 weeks to evaluate & recommend partitioning, Sir Cyril Radcliffe's decision rested on demographic figures, rather than natural geographic boundaries. The British government's unwillingness to spoil the independence celebrations in India & Pakistan & share Radcliffe's recommendation with local authorities left the Punjab government unable to deploy armed forces & surprised millions of citizens who were living on the wrong side of the national border. It is concluded that GB's desire to evacuate Punjab, as represented by Radcliffe's partition, caused widespread confusion & violence & produced one of the greatest mass migrations in history.