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https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-44
Title: | Galactomannan testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is useful for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in hematology patients. | Authors: | Hsu, L.Y. Ding, Y. Phua, J. Koh, L.P. Chan, D.S. Khoo, K.L. Tambyah, P.A. |
Issue Date: | 2010 | Citation: | Hsu, L.Y., Ding, Y., Phua, J., Koh, L.P., Chan, D.S., Khoo, K.L., Tambyah, P.A. (2010). Galactomannan testing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is useful for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in hematology patients.. BMC infectious diseases 10 : 44-. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-44 | Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies in the setting of profound neutropenia and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Early diagnosis and therapy has been shown to improve outcomes, but reaching a definitive diagnosis quickly can be problematic. Recently, galactomannan testing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid has been investigated as a diagnostic test for IPA, but widespread experience and consensus on optical density (OD) cut-offs remain lacking. METHODS: We performed a prospective case-control study to determine an optimal BAL galactomannan OD cutoff for IPA in at-risk patients with hematological diagnoses. Cases were subjects with hematological diagnoses who met established definitions for proven or probable IPA. There were two control groups: subjects with hematological diagnoses who did not meet definitions for proven or probable IPA and subjects with non-hematological diagnoses who had no evidence of aspergillosis. Following bronchoscopy and BAL, galactomannan testing was performed using the Platelia Aspergillus seroassay in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. RESULTS: There were 10 cases and 52 controls. Cases had higher BAL fluid galactomannan OD indices (median 4.1, range 1.1-7.7) compared with controls (median 0.3, range 0.1-1.1). ROC analysis demonstrated an optimum OD index cutoff of 1.1, with high specificity (98.1%) and sensitivity (100%) for diagnosing IPA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results also support BAL galactomannan testing as a reasonably safe test with higher sensitivity compared to serum galactomannan testing in at-risk patients with hematological diseases. A higher OD cutoff is necessary to avoid over-diagnosis of IPA, and a standardized method of collection should be established before results can be compared between centers. | Source Title: | BMC infectious diseases | URI: | http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/126814 | ISSN: | 14712334 | DOI: | 10.1186/1471-2334-10-44 |
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