DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MINIATURIZED SAMPLE PREPARATION PROCEDURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL WATER CONTAMINANTS

Abstract

Water pollution is a major global concern since contaminants even at very low concentration may have significant influence on human health. Developing effective and efficient analytical systems for fast determination of POPs is of great importance. Among all the miniaturized analytical systems developed in the last 20 years, DLLME and EME were favored due to their relatively short extraction time. In this work, we have focused on the modification of DLLME and electro-enhanced microextraction techniques.

In the first part (Chapter 2-4), three techniques termed low-density solvent based solvent demulsification dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, low-density solvent based ultrasound assisted surfactant enhanced emulsification microextraction, and sonication assisted emulsification microextraction followed by micro-solid-phase extraction were developed for sensitive determination of certain POPs (e.g. PAHs, OCPs, phenols). In the second part (Chapter 5-6), electro-enhanced solid-phase microextraction and electromembrane microextraction followed by vortex assisted micro-liquid-liquid extraction were developed and evaluated by taking pharmaceuticals as models.