Maximum-likelihood detection in DWT domain image watermarking using Laplacian modeling

Abstract

Digital image watermarks can be detected in the transform domain using maximum-likelihood detection, whereby the decision threshold is obtained using the Neyman-Pearson criterion. A probability distribution function is required to correctly model the statistical behavior of the transform coefficients. Earlier work has considered modeling the discrete wavelet transform coefficients using a Gaussian distribution. Here, we introduce a Laplacian model and establish via simulation that it can result in a better performance than the Gaussian model. © 2005 IEEE.