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https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1001
Title: | Genome-wide association studies in Crohn's disease: Past, present and future: Past | Authors: | Verstockt, B Smith, K.G Lee, J.C |
Keywords: | interleukin 17 interleukin 23 adaptive immunity autoimmunity autophagy Caucasian Crohn disease disease predisposition ethnicity genetic susceptibility genome-wide association study human immune response incidence innate immunity lymphoid cell nonhuman pathogenesis personalized medicine pharmacogenetics phenotype priority journal prognosis Review treatment response |
Issue Date: | 2018 | Citation: | Verstockt, B, Smith, K.G, Lee, J.C (2018). Genome-wide association studies in Crohn's disease: Past, present and future: Past. Clinical and Translational Immunology 7 (1) : e1001. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1001 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International | Abstract: | Over the course of the past decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revolutionised our understanding of complex disease genetics. One of the diseases that has benefitted most from this technology has been Crohn's disease (CD), with the identification of autophagy, the IL-17/IL-23 axis and innate lymphoid cells as key players in CD pathogenesis. Our increasing understanding of the genetic architecture of CD has also highlighted how a failure to suppress aberrant immune responses may contribute to disease development - a realisation that is now being incorporated into the design of new treatments. However, despite these successes, a significant proportion of disease heritability remains unexplained. Similarly, most of the causal variants at associated loci have not yet been identified, and even fewer have been functionally characterised. Because of the inarguable rise in the incidence of CD in regions of the world that previously had low disease rates, GWAS studies will soon have to shift from a largely Caucasian focus to include populations from other ethnic backgrounds. Future studies should also move beyond conventional studies of disease susceptibility into phenotypically driven 'within-cases' analyses in order to explore the role of genetics in other important aspects of disease biology. These studies are likely to include assessments of prognosis and/or response to treatments and may be critical if personalised medicine is ever to become a reality. In this review, we summarise the main advances that have been made in understanding the genetics of Crohn's disease, the challenges that remain unanswered, and the future work that will be necessary to gain new insights into the biology of Crohn's disease. © 2018 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian Society for Immunology Inc. | Source Title: | Clinical and Translational Immunology | URI: | https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/178275 | ISSN: | 20500068 | DOI: | 10.1002/cti2.1001 | Rights: | Attribution 4.0 International |
Appears in Collections: | Elements Staff Publications |
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