Economic change in the Pattani region, c. 1880-1930: Tin and cattle in the era of Siam's administrative reforms

Abstract

This study examines the economic changes in the Pattani region during the period of Siama??s administrative reforms. Through a contrast between the hilir (coastal) and the darat (inland), it explores the two main economic activities of Pattani i.e. tin mining and cattle rearing, and the role of three elements within Pattani society - Malays, Chinese and foreigners. The tin-cattle trade operated within regional economic zones, transcending national boundaries. It established a trade network involving Pattani, Penang and Singapore. The potential for revenue from tin and cattle and the threat of European economic-incursion in the frontier regions influenced Siam to take-control of the economy of Pattani.