BIOMEDICAL IMAGE RESOLUTION IMPROVEMENTS BY COMBINED USE OF FOCAL MODULATION, PUPIL ENGINEERING, AND SPARSITY PRIORS.

Abstract

THE RESOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL OPTICAL MICROSCOPY IS RESTRICTED BY SCATTERING, NOISE AND OUT-OF-FOCUS BACKGROUND IN IMAGING THICK SAMPLES. HERE, NEW APERTURE OPTIMIZATION METHODS WERE INTRODUCED IN FOCAL MODULATION MICROSCOPY (FMM) TO FURTHER ALLEVIATE SCATTERING AND IMPROVE PENETRATION DEPTH. THE OPTIMIZATION METHOD IS APPLICABLE FOR RADIALLY AND AZIMUTHALLY POLARIZED ILLUMINATIONS, WHICH WERE INTRODUCED IN FMM TO IMPROVE THE IMAGING DEPTH AND RESOLUTION SIMULTANEOUSLY. TO UTILIZE THE OUT-OF-FOCUS PHOTONS MORE EFFECTIVELY, DIVERSE IMAGING WITH SPARSITY PRIORS WAS EMPLOYED IN STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION IMAGING. THE EFFECTS OF SPATIAL FREQUENCY AND CONTRAST OF THE STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION AND THE RESOLUTION OF DIVERSE IMAGING WERE INVESTIGATED. HYBRID IMAGING WITH FMM AND WIDE-FIELD MICROSCOPES WAS INTRODUCED TO ACQUIRE SECTIONING CAPABILITY AND HIGH IMAGING SPEED SIMULTANEOUSLY, WHERE THE FAST-SCANNING AND UNDERSAMPLING MODES OF FMM ARE INVESTIGATED. AS A SPECIAL CASE OF PUPIL ENGINEERING,